![]() As such, many projects were either shelved indefinitely or canceled altogether. With the fall of the Soviet Empire in 1991, the Russian military fell into a period of low morale and curtailed spending. ![]() As with other Soviet-era tanks, the T-90 makes use of an integrated autoloader, three-man crew and low profile design. Compared to its contemporaries, the T-90 is one of the best protected tanks in the world and also one of the most heavily armed combat systems. ![]() The references to a T-90E appear to be unsubstantiated.The T-90 is fitted with a "three-tiered" protection system: the first tier is the composite armor in the turret, second tier is third generation Kontakt-5 ERA and third tier is a Shtora-1 countermeasures suite.The T-90 is the current Main Battle Tank of the Russian Army and developed from the successful qualities of the preceding T-72 and T-80 series. The T-90S have been identified as export model. Of conventional layout, the T-90 represents a major upgrade to every system in the T-72, including the main gun. It features a new generation of Kontakt-5 explosive reactive armor on its hull and turret. The T-90 with an 840 hp (630 kW) engine went into low-level production in 1993, based on a prototype designated T-88. The production model is based on the T-72BM, with some added features from the T-80 series. The T-90 was developed by the Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau at the Uralvagonzavod factory in Nizhny Tagil. To further improve the T-72's export prospects and its chances of being selected as Russia's sole production MBT, the T-80U's more sophisticated fire control system was also added to produce a vehicle designated T-72BU.
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